I have used a klean kanteen(similar to nalgene) as a growler and it worked. You probably want to try to keep the headspace to a minimum, finish it once you open it, and maybe overcarb it a bit before filling. You are pretty much fighting a losing battle to keep carbonation.
Techbrewie has a point. Pop bottles are probably just as good and have the benefit of being crush able if you are backpacking with them.