Hey man, drives me crazy that your LHBS didn't spend more time with you and explain things better. That does appear to be a racking cane, but you probably don't need it.
What you need is a bottling bucket, a 4' to 5' piece of vinyl transfer tubing, and a bottling wand. Cut a 4" piece off the transfer tube and keep both pieces. Sanitize everything and connect the long transfer tube from the valve on your fermenter and put the other end in your bottling bucket. Then boil your corn sugar in water, let it cool, and pour it into the bottling bucket. Now open the valve on your fermenter to transfer the beer. Try not to splash to prevent oxidizing the beer. Close the valve when all the clear beer is transferred, leaving the yeast cake in the fermenter. Now connect the 4" piece of transfer tube to the valve on the bottling bucket. Connect the bottling wand to the other end of the transfer tube. You're ready to bottle. If you have any leaks from the tubing, you can use hose clamps for a tighter fit.
When filling the bottles, try and get close to the top of the bottle. When you remove it from the bottling wand, you should have the proper fill height. Cap, condition, and enjoy.
There are other ways to bottle, but this method is hard to mess up. Going directly from the fermenter to bottle is a bit trickier IMO.