You shouldn't, a lot of it will settle out. Some brewers think that added mineral content may even help fermentation in some capacity. Either way, shouldn't be a problem
Yup, refractometer won't read correctly with any amount of alcohol, you can look at "corrections" online and do a little math, but I wouldn't really trust them
A good "rolling" boil makes for better beer... You can tell if it's rolling, boiling temp can change very slightly (pressure/temp) and then add some variability of your thermometer reading +\- .5deg your temp if prolly fine
Whatever you choose to do (could buy cooler for mash tun and start making larger batches;)) keep in mind what measures you need to take to protect aluminum https://www.homebrewtalk.com/f11/faq-aluminum-pots-boil-kettles-49449/
Good luck
Oatis Stout clone 10gal
American farmhouse 10gal
Agave wheat 5gal
Belgian saison 10gal
Berliner Weisse 10gal
Farmhouse 5gal
Saison 5gal
DIPA 10gal
Good human clone 10gal
+75
=51374!!! Pretty good year, can't wait to see what the final amount it
Ya, you should be okay... Increasing temp will help, it is some what common to under pitch and compensate with temp to keep the little buggers alive and fermenting
Preferably you rinse with 165 deg water... My friend is a BIAB brewer and he rinses with hose water. Just completely rinse until running is getting clear... It will help a lot, there is a lot of sugar in the mash and rinsing will help you out a lot... Hope this helps
The only thing I can think of right now is rinsing the grains to get all of the sugar is the only thing way out of the norm... If your water is too alkaline then the starches/sugar won't become soluble, but that's pretty bit picky and probably not the main source of your issue
Ya I read that. DME shouldn't be an issue, toss it in, boil it and it should be dissolved. It has to be something with your grain, temp, dilution or something like that. DME is completely soluble in water as is
What temp did you take the hydrometer reading. If I you took it while the wort was warm then the reading will read lower then the actual... It can be pretty significant